Kristiina Ojuland: Cooperation in the Baltic Sea Region
Chairman of the session: Mr Konstantin Kosachev deputy chairman of the international affairs committee of the State Duma
Report on behalf of the CBSS
Mr. Chairman,
Distinguished Members of Parliament,
Ladies and gentlemen,
In the name of the Estonian Presidency of the Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS), I would like to thank you for your invitation to address this important gathering.
I wish to begin in a positive key and bring to your attention a new development in regional co-operation: Last month, a festival uniting musicians and environmentalists of the Baltic Sea Region was held in Stockholm, where world-famous soloists, choirs, and orchestras performed for appreciative audiences. High-level experts and politicians debated the challenges of preserving the Baltic Sea marine environment. What does this have to do with the broader political agenda of the Council of the Baltic Sea States? I can assure you, that a great deal.
The festival demonstrated that people from different sectors of society are ready to work together to protect the fragile Baltic Sea. Musicians took time out from their busy schedules and accepted much less than their usual fee to support the environmental cause. What struck me, when reading the festival programme, were the strong convictions that these musicians expressed. We, as professional politicians, can only be impressed when eminent performers speak from their hearts on environmental issues and about the need for more vibrant cultural co-operation when it comes to dealing with the Baltic Sea. I am sure that you, parliamentarians from the region, feel as inspired as I do by such devotion from musical personalities like Esa-Pekka Salonen from Finland, Valerij Gergiev from Russia, Gideon Kremer from Latvia, Eva Dahlgren from Sweden, and Tõnu Kaljuste from Estonia. In connection with the opening of the festival, the World Wildlife Fund held a high-level seminar, with participants ranging from the King of Sweden, to environmental scientists, to representatives of prominent business firms, which focused on the launching of a new WWF action plan to save the Baltic Sea. Let us all learn from this festival, and do our best to promote and further develop regional co-operation for a sound and sustainable environment.
I believe that a strong commitment to a cause comes naturally to those directly affected by the issue. We cannot and should not expect others from outside the region to take the lead in cleaning up the Baltic Sea. The activities and recommendations of the Helsinki Commission (HELCOM) form a sound basis for the hard political decisions that need to be taken if we want to succeed in saving the Baltic Sea.
Mr. Chairman, Members of Parliament: Estonia is committed to having the Baltic Sea classified as a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA). In three days, the Swedish ministers for the environment and of the infrastructure will be getting together with their colleagues from the other countries around the Baltic Sea to discuss this initiative. For the Baltic Sea to obtain PSSA status in March 2004, an application must be presented to the International Maritime Organization by December of this year. All the Baltic Sea littoral countries, except one, have already agreed to work towards this goal. And I take this opportunity, Mr. Chairman, to appeal to our Russian friends to join in this noble effort.
My task here today is to report to you on the work of the Council of the Baltic Sea States. Since time is limited, I will focus on a few matters, concerning which, our regional co-operation is particularly crucial, and will remain so even after European Union enlargement. The environment is one such area.
I’m glad that our ministers of the environment met, for the first time in seven years, in Luleå, Sweden on 28-29 August. The eleven ministers agreed to take urgent and concrete measures for enhancing maritime safety in the Baltic Sea. They emphasised that Baltic 21 should be complemented with cross- sectoral activities following EU enlargement. The ministers declared that they would work together to influence the new Action Plan for the Northern Dimension, and to harmonise environmental legislation between Russia and the EU.
At a meeting on 29-30 September, in Gothenburg, it is expected that six CBSS countries will sign the Testing Ground Agreement for the Kyoto Protocol. This will help us reduce greenhouse gas emissions. I hope that my own country and the other Member States also sign this agreement. Estonia is now chairing the Group of Senior Energy Officials (GSEO) of the Baltic Sea Region Energy Co-operation (BASREC). During our Presidency, we intend to further develop activities in this field, such as the Baltic Ring, which is the regional integration of electricity and gas networks.
The highlight of the Estonian CBSS Presidency will no doubt be the 5th Baltic Sea States’ Summit meeting of the CBSS Heads of Government in Tallinn on 28-29 June. During our CBSS Presidency, we are implementing a new model for high-level meetings: the prime ministers and foreign ministers would, in turn, meet every other year. I am convinced that this arrangement would allow us to focus more efficiently on the full range of inter-governmental co-operation.
This is the second time that Estonia is the presiding country of the CBSS – the first time was ten years ago, in 1993-94. Many significant changes have taken place in that decade. During our first Presidency, the CBSS was mostly centred upon political dialogue between diplomats. By now, the CBSS has blossomed, and has become a comprehensive network covering virtually every field of governmental activity. Thus, it is only natural and logical that the prime ministers of the CBSS countries have taken an increasingly central role in guiding and shaping our co-operation. It marks the maturity of regional co-operation that the diplomat’s role has become relatively less important, and that the role of various experts and technicians has become the key to ensuring that the real work, at the grass roots level, which affects the daily life of our citizens, gets done properly.
I am sure you agree that ensuring the health of our citizens must be a primary concern. At the Baltic Sea States’ Summit in Kolding, Denmark three years ago, the heads of government and the president of the European Commission decided to establish a Task Force on Communicable Disease Control. This Task Force has some 150 ongoing projects and links up with organisations including the WHO, UNAIDS, and USAID. Through direct contact with health and prison personnel in the region, the Task Force works in a down-to-earth manner to fight some of the worst scourges: tuberculosis and HIV. The Task Force also helps to develop primary health care. Even with only the modest financing of each project, such as the sending of medical supplies to hospitals in Northwest Russia and the ventilation of prisons in the Baltic countries, the various local health and prison personnel involved are extremely pleased with the results. One reason for the Task Force’s effectiveness is that the local partner makes the decision concerning what is needed, and is responsible for carrying out the project. The Task Force has the responsibility of submitting proposals for concerted action to the heads of government. This way of working shows how the CBSS develops close regional ties for achieving tangible progress. I encourage you, as parliamentarians, to help support continued regional co-operation in the public health field. And I pledge, that Estonia will do its best to ensure, that the next Baltic Sea States’ Summit will make the necessary decisions to ensure the continuation of these essential joint endeavours.
A new Northern Dimension Partnership in Public Health and Social Well-being is expected to be established during a high-level meeting in Oslo on 27 October. The Partnership will include many of the activities of the Task Force: communicable disease control, training in public health, and health sector reform. It will be wider in scope, and will also address life style ailments caused by drinking, smoking, drugs, and nutrition. I fully support this initiative. I am convinced that already established regional networks and local knowledge, so expertly provided by the Task Force, will form an excellent foundation for the Partnership in Public Health and Social Well-being. Following the tradition established by the Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership (NDEP) and the Northern Dimension itself, the Partnership will, I am sure, provide yet another opportunity to bring our regional co-operation into a broader European and global network.
The Fifth Baltic Sea Summit will also have to decide on the continued mandate of the Task Force on Organised Crime, established by the First Summit at Visby in 1996. During the past seven years, this task force has been very successful in co-ordinating efforts to combat organised crime in our region. Although the situation in this field has improved, no one can claim that the scourge of organised crime no longer affects the region. I am sure that the prime ministers will again make the right decisions regarding the continuation of the Task Force’s endeavours appropriate for the post-EU enlargement situation in the region.
It is beyond doubt that the Task Force on Organised Crime works intensively in areas that are of top priority in the region. Its nine expert groups address issues including money laundering, corruption, illegal migration, environmental crime, narcotics, and trafficking in women. On this note, I would, in particular, like to stress my deep concern for children that are victims of trafficking, and I refer to my own and the Pori communiqué’s strong calls for more concerted efforts in this field, during the CBSS Ministerial Meeting last June.
Please let me continue by speaking about CBSS co-operation in the field of civil security. I know that your parliamentarians’ co-operation is giving priority to this issue. Estonia has, for more than a decade, pushed for better regional co-ordination of, for instance, maritime safety and co-ordination of search and rescue operations. Unfortunately, our ideas had not gained enough ground in time to increase the regional search and rescue capabilities before the ferry Estonia went down in 1994. Perhaps more lives could have been saved if the countries around the Baltic Sea had, at that time, been better prepared to co-operate and carry out joint operations.
I am happy to tell you that the regional professional contacts in the field of search and rescue are being strengthened through the CBSS EUROBALTIC programme. The programme began this year and runs through 2006. It is quite encompassing, and will improve the protection of both human life and the environment against man-made and natural disasters. Polish and Swedish experts in the civil protection field have provided detailed plans in an application to the EU Interreg, Tacis and Phare. About 1 million EUR have been secured so far, and the CBSS countries are matching this amount. It is essential that EUROBALTIC systematically bring together the various experts in this field. They know exactly what needs to be improved in their own countries, and they are dedicated to working together, with colleagues in the region, on very specific matters. Just to mention a few of the many details, which need to be worked upon: creation of a joint 112 emergency call service for the region; developing civil protection training systems; carrying out of training exercises for responding to major oil spills; exchanging of volunteer fire brigade experiences; deactivating of WW II ammunition and explosives in the Kaliningrad region; and organizing a workshop on cultural heritage protection during natural disasters.
Speaking of cultural heritage, I would like to bring your attention to a feature of the Baltic Sea that embraces both culture, maritime safety, and nuclear and radiation safety. I am referring to the lighthouses along our coasts. They are being automated, and many are in need of renovation. Some have gained a new purpose as popular attractions for tourists. This summer, a photo exhibition of lighthouses along the Baltic Sea coast was shown in museums, libraries, and lighthouses. At its October meeting, the CBSS Working Group on Nuclear and Radiation Safety will examine the issue of dangerous radioactive materials left in some lighthouses along the Baltic Sea coast.
The ministers of culture will meet, in December, in St. Petersburg. Estonia is proud to host the Secretariat of Ars Baltica, one of the oldest regional co-operation initiatives, which was initiated by the former prime minister of Schleswig Holstein, Björn Engholm, already in the late 1980s. It is particularly appropriate, that the ministers of culture meet in St. Petersburg during its 300th anniversary. As an Estonian, I fully appreciate the historic role of St. Petersburg as one of the main intellectual and cultural centres in the region, and look forward to its future development.
Outi Ojala already spoke about NGO co-operation in the region. Civil society is indeed an integral part of the Baltic Sea region co-operation. Estonia is looking forward to hosting the next NGO Forum in Pärnu, following up last year’s successful Forum at Turku. We should all promote a more constructive and harmonized participation of citizens and non-governmental organisations in further developing our region.
The ombudsman institution plays a critical role in linking civil society with the legislative and executive branches of government. Ombudsmen’s powers and limitations were discussed at the CBSS Ombudsmen’s Third Seminar that was held in Tallinn about a week ago. The continued functioning of the ombudsman is important as we strengthen our democracies.
I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the CBSS Commissioner for Democratic Development, Ms. Helle Degn, for the devotion, competence and tangible results she and her office have shown. As the end of the commissioner’s mandate draws near, I wish to stress that the CBSS will remain committed to safeguarding the democratic process through its existing structures, and through partnerships with the relevant Pan-European institutions. It is a pleasure to note, that regional networks, such as the Union of the Baltic Cities, and your own parliamentarians’ co-operation are helping to safeguard transparency in the public sphere, and many other crucial principles of democracy.
Dear Mr. Chairman,
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Although I have already spoken at length, I have barely touched the surface concerning what the CBSS is doing presently, and have hardly had a chance to trace its future potential.
I can assure you that Estonia means business. With the EU enlargement scheduled to take effect from May 1 of next year, our CBSS Presidency coincides with one of the most momentous events in our region since the fall of Communism and the restoration of the independence of the three Baltic states. Since then, however, more than a decade has passed, and we are fully aware that the CBSS, which was established under entirely different conditions, must undergo a process of adaptation to a totally different, a really open and liberal Europe. This means, that the CBSS must also go through a process of critical self-scrutiny. As a significant step in this direction, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that an review of the CBSS Secretariat will be carried out by an independent consultant by the end of the Estonian Presidency, in order to assess the work of the organisation. In a way, it will also cast light on the effectiveness of the whole CBSS.
I’m looking forward to the new era, where the centre of gravity of the EU will move closer to our region. Programs such as the Northern Dimension and New Neighbours/Wider Europe will become more visible and get the attention in Brussels that they deserve.
I also look forward to hearing your views, as parliamentarians of the region, on what we, as the executive branch, should do to further improve our mutual cooperation.
Thank you for your kind attention
Report on behalf of the CBSS
Mr. Chairman,
Distinguished Members of Parliament,
Ladies and gentlemen,
In the name of the Estonian Presidency of the Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS), I would like to thank you for your invitation to address this important gathering.
I wish to begin in a positive key and bring to your attention a new development in regional co-operation: Last month, a festival uniting musicians and environmentalists of the Baltic Sea Region was held in Stockholm, where world-famous soloists, choirs, and orchestras performed for appreciative audiences. High-level experts and politicians debated the challenges of preserving the Baltic Sea marine environment. What does this have to do with the broader political agenda of the Council of the Baltic Sea States? I can assure you, that a great deal.
The festival demonstrated that people from different sectors of society are ready to work together to protect the fragile Baltic Sea. Musicians took time out from their busy schedules and accepted much less than their usual fee to support the environmental cause. What struck me, when reading the festival programme, were the strong convictions that these musicians expressed. We, as professional politicians, can only be impressed when eminent performers speak from their hearts on environmental issues and about the need for more vibrant cultural co-operation when it comes to dealing with the Baltic Sea. I am sure that you, parliamentarians from the region, feel as inspired as I do by such devotion from musical personalities like Esa-Pekka Salonen from Finland, Valerij Gergiev from Russia, Gideon Kremer from Latvia, Eva Dahlgren from Sweden, and Tõnu Kaljuste from Estonia. In connection with the opening of the festival, the World Wildlife Fund held a high-level seminar, with participants ranging from the King of Sweden, to environmental scientists, to representatives of prominent business firms, which focused on the launching of a new WWF action plan to save the Baltic Sea. Let us all learn from this festival, and do our best to promote and further develop regional co-operation for a sound and sustainable environment.
I believe that a strong commitment to a cause comes naturally to those directly affected by the issue. We cannot and should not expect others from outside the region to take the lead in cleaning up the Baltic Sea. The activities and recommendations of the Helsinki Commission (HELCOM) form a sound basis for the hard political decisions that need to be taken if we want to succeed in saving the Baltic Sea.
Mr. Chairman, Members of Parliament: Estonia is committed to having the Baltic Sea classified as a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA). In three days, the Swedish ministers for the environment and of the infrastructure will be getting together with their colleagues from the other countries around the Baltic Sea to discuss this initiative. For the Baltic Sea to obtain PSSA status in March 2004, an application must be presented to the International Maritime Organization by December of this year. All the Baltic Sea littoral countries, except one, have already agreed to work towards this goal. And I take this opportunity, Mr. Chairman, to appeal to our Russian friends to join in this noble effort.
My task here today is to report to you on the work of the Council of the Baltic Sea States. Since time is limited, I will focus on a few matters, concerning which, our regional co-operation is particularly crucial, and will remain so even after European Union enlargement. The environment is one such area.
I’m glad that our ministers of the environment met, for the first time in seven years, in Luleå, Sweden on 28-29 August. The eleven ministers agreed to take urgent and concrete measures for enhancing maritime safety in the Baltic Sea. They emphasised that Baltic 21 should be complemented with cross- sectoral activities following EU enlargement. The ministers declared that they would work together to influence the new Action Plan for the Northern Dimension, and to harmonise environmental legislation between Russia and the EU.
At a meeting on 29-30 September, in Gothenburg, it is expected that six CBSS countries will sign the Testing Ground Agreement for the Kyoto Protocol. This will help us reduce greenhouse gas emissions. I hope that my own country and the other Member States also sign this agreement. Estonia is now chairing the Group of Senior Energy Officials (GSEO) of the Baltic Sea Region Energy Co-operation (BASREC). During our Presidency, we intend to further develop activities in this field, such as the Baltic Ring, which is the regional integration of electricity and gas networks.
The highlight of the Estonian CBSS Presidency will no doubt be the 5th Baltic Sea States’ Summit meeting of the CBSS Heads of Government in Tallinn on 28-29 June. During our CBSS Presidency, we are implementing a new model for high-level meetings: the prime ministers and foreign ministers would, in turn, meet every other year. I am convinced that this arrangement would allow us to focus more efficiently on the full range of inter-governmental co-operation.
This is the second time that Estonia is the presiding country of the CBSS – the first time was ten years ago, in 1993-94. Many significant changes have taken place in that decade. During our first Presidency, the CBSS was mostly centred upon political dialogue between diplomats. By now, the CBSS has blossomed, and has become a comprehensive network covering virtually every field of governmental activity. Thus, it is only natural and logical that the prime ministers of the CBSS countries have taken an increasingly central role in guiding and shaping our co-operation. It marks the maturity of regional co-operation that the diplomat’s role has become relatively less important, and that the role of various experts and technicians has become the key to ensuring that the real work, at the grass roots level, which affects the daily life of our citizens, gets done properly.
I am sure you agree that ensuring the health of our citizens must be a primary concern. At the Baltic Sea States’ Summit in Kolding, Denmark three years ago, the heads of government and the president of the European Commission decided to establish a Task Force on Communicable Disease Control. This Task Force has some 150 ongoing projects and links up with organisations including the WHO, UNAIDS, and USAID. Through direct contact with health and prison personnel in the region, the Task Force works in a down-to-earth manner to fight some of the worst scourges: tuberculosis and HIV. The Task Force also helps to develop primary health care. Even with only the modest financing of each project, such as the sending of medical supplies to hospitals in Northwest Russia and the ventilation of prisons in the Baltic countries, the various local health and prison personnel involved are extremely pleased with the results. One reason for the Task Force’s effectiveness is that the local partner makes the decision concerning what is needed, and is responsible for carrying out the project. The Task Force has the responsibility of submitting proposals for concerted action to the heads of government. This way of working shows how the CBSS develops close regional ties for achieving tangible progress. I encourage you, as parliamentarians, to help support continued regional co-operation in the public health field. And I pledge, that Estonia will do its best to ensure, that the next Baltic Sea States’ Summit will make the necessary decisions to ensure the continuation of these essential joint endeavours.
A new Northern Dimension Partnership in Public Health and Social Well-being is expected to be established during a high-level meeting in Oslo on 27 October. The Partnership will include many of the activities of the Task Force: communicable disease control, training in public health, and health sector reform. It will be wider in scope, and will also address life style ailments caused by drinking, smoking, drugs, and nutrition. I fully support this initiative. I am convinced that already established regional networks and local knowledge, so expertly provided by the Task Force, will form an excellent foundation for the Partnership in Public Health and Social Well-being. Following the tradition established by the Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership (NDEP) and the Northern Dimension itself, the Partnership will, I am sure, provide yet another opportunity to bring our regional co-operation into a broader European and global network.
The Fifth Baltic Sea Summit will also have to decide on the continued mandate of the Task Force on Organised Crime, established by the First Summit at Visby in 1996. During the past seven years, this task force has been very successful in co-ordinating efforts to combat organised crime in our region. Although the situation in this field has improved, no one can claim that the scourge of organised crime no longer affects the region. I am sure that the prime ministers will again make the right decisions regarding the continuation of the Task Force’s endeavours appropriate for the post-EU enlargement situation in the region.
It is beyond doubt that the Task Force on Organised Crime works intensively in areas that are of top priority in the region. Its nine expert groups address issues including money laundering, corruption, illegal migration, environmental crime, narcotics, and trafficking in women. On this note, I would, in particular, like to stress my deep concern for children that are victims of trafficking, and I refer to my own and the Pori communiqué’s strong calls for more concerted efforts in this field, during the CBSS Ministerial Meeting last June.
Please let me continue by speaking about CBSS co-operation in the field of civil security. I know that your parliamentarians’ co-operation is giving priority to this issue. Estonia has, for more than a decade, pushed for better regional co-ordination of, for instance, maritime safety and co-ordination of search and rescue operations. Unfortunately, our ideas had not gained enough ground in time to increase the regional search and rescue capabilities before the ferry Estonia went down in 1994. Perhaps more lives could have been saved if the countries around the Baltic Sea had, at that time, been better prepared to co-operate and carry out joint operations.
I am happy to tell you that the regional professional contacts in the field of search and rescue are being strengthened through the CBSS EUROBALTIC programme. The programme began this year and runs through 2006. It is quite encompassing, and will improve the protection of both human life and the environment against man-made and natural disasters. Polish and Swedish experts in the civil protection field have provided detailed plans in an application to the EU Interreg, Tacis and Phare. About 1 million EUR have been secured so far, and the CBSS countries are matching this amount. It is essential that EUROBALTIC systematically bring together the various experts in this field. They know exactly what needs to be improved in their own countries, and they are dedicated to working together, with colleagues in the region, on very specific matters. Just to mention a few of the many details, which need to be worked upon: creation of a joint 112 emergency call service for the region; developing civil protection training systems; carrying out of training exercises for responding to major oil spills; exchanging of volunteer fire brigade experiences; deactivating of WW II ammunition and explosives in the Kaliningrad region; and organizing a workshop on cultural heritage protection during natural disasters.
Speaking of cultural heritage, I would like to bring your attention to a feature of the Baltic Sea that embraces both culture, maritime safety, and nuclear and radiation safety. I am referring to the lighthouses along our coasts. They are being automated, and many are in need of renovation. Some have gained a new purpose as popular attractions for tourists. This summer, a photo exhibition of lighthouses along the Baltic Sea coast was shown in museums, libraries, and lighthouses. At its October meeting, the CBSS Working Group on Nuclear and Radiation Safety will examine the issue of dangerous radioactive materials left in some lighthouses along the Baltic Sea coast.
The ministers of culture will meet, in December, in St. Petersburg. Estonia is proud to host the Secretariat of Ars Baltica, one of the oldest regional co-operation initiatives, which was initiated by the former prime minister of Schleswig Holstein, Björn Engholm, already in the late 1980s. It is particularly appropriate, that the ministers of culture meet in St. Petersburg during its 300th anniversary. As an Estonian, I fully appreciate the historic role of St. Petersburg as one of the main intellectual and cultural centres in the region, and look forward to its future development.
Outi Ojala already spoke about NGO co-operation in the region. Civil society is indeed an integral part of the Baltic Sea region co-operation. Estonia is looking forward to hosting the next NGO Forum in Pärnu, following up last year’s successful Forum at Turku. We should all promote a more constructive and harmonized participation of citizens and non-governmental organisations in further developing our region.
The ombudsman institution plays a critical role in linking civil society with the legislative and executive branches of government. Ombudsmen’s powers and limitations were discussed at the CBSS Ombudsmen’s Third Seminar that was held in Tallinn about a week ago. The continued functioning of the ombudsman is important as we strengthen our democracies.
I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the CBSS Commissioner for Democratic Development, Ms. Helle Degn, for the devotion, competence and tangible results she and her office have shown. As the end of the commissioner’s mandate draws near, I wish to stress that the CBSS will remain committed to safeguarding the democratic process through its existing structures, and through partnerships with the relevant Pan-European institutions. It is a pleasure to note, that regional networks, such as the Union of the Baltic Cities, and your own parliamentarians’ co-operation are helping to safeguard transparency in the public sphere, and many other crucial principles of democracy.
Dear Mr. Chairman,
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Although I have already spoken at length, I have barely touched the surface concerning what the CBSS is doing presently, and have hardly had a chance to trace its future potential.
I can assure you that Estonia means business. With the EU enlargement scheduled to take effect from May 1 of next year, our CBSS Presidency coincides with one of the most momentous events in our region since the fall of Communism and the restoration of the independence of the three Baltic states. Since then, however, more than a decade has passed, and we are fully aware that the CBSS, which was established under entirely different conditions, must undergo a process of adaptation to a totally different, a really open and liberal Europe. This means, that the CBSS must also go through a process of critical self-scrutiny. As a significant step in this direction, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that an review of the CBSS Secretariat will be carried out by an independent consultant by the end of the Estonian Presidency, in order to assess the work of the organisation. In a way, it will also cast light on the effectiveness of the whole CBSS.
I’m looking forward to the new era, where the centre of gravity of the EU will move closer to our region. Programs such as the Northern Dimension and New Neighbours/Wider Europe will become more visible and get the attention in Brussels that they deserve.
I also look forward to hearing your views, as parliamentarians of the region, on what we, as the executive branch, should do to further improve our mutual cooperation.
Thank you for your kind attention
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